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Mesopotamia
====Mesopotamia is a Greek word, meaning "lands between the two rivers", but is called the "cradle of civilization." The land was productive, the rivers provided water, and settled farming was practiced. The early farming communities grew to become independent city states. Mesopotamia established the first form of writing, mathematics, astronomy, and complex architecture. ====



Housing evolved into walled cities and similar river-valley civilizations soon followed the Indus and the Nile River regions. This river-valley region was the location of a series city-state kingdoms including: Sumer, Babylon, and Assyria, that succeed from about 5,000 BC to 500 BC. Today, Mesopotamia is part of Iraq.